ESTIMATION OF CEREBROVASCULAR INSULT FREQUENCY IN EMERGENCY PATIENTS AT THE CLINICAL HOSPITAL CENTRE RIJEKA

Abstract

Cerebrovascular stroke is defined as a sudden focal neurologic deficit caused by cerebrovascular disease lasting longer than 24 hours. Cerebrovascular insult (CVI) is divided into ischemic and hemorrhagic. Ischemic stroke is more common, while about 10% of all strokes manifest as hemorrhagic. Along with heart disease and malignancies, cerebrovascular disease is the most common cause of mortality and disability in the modern world. Every year, about 5.5 million people worldwide suffer a stroke. This makes this disease the leading cause of disability. Prevention is the most important strategy in dealing with stroke, especially with risk factors that we can influence in time, such as smoking, diet, alcohol, obesity, etc. In prevention, the treatment of diseases such as hypertension, heart disease, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia is very important. Diagnosis and determination of the type of stroke requires imaging examination with computed tomography. A detailed history and imaging usually rule out the impersonation of a stroke. Computed tomography (CT) is one of the first diagnostic modalities used to image the brain to identify the difference between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. The aim of this retrospective analysis was to estimate the incidence of cerebrovascular insult in patients who underwent CT brain examination in the Clinical Department of Radiology at Clinical Hospital Centre (CHC) Rijeka in the period from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020. During this period, 255 data from patients' medical records were collected anonymously. The analysis of the data at CHC Rijeka showed that CVI is slightly higher in the male population. It is commonly diagnosed in the population of 81-90 years. About half of patients with suspected CVI had normal CT findings.